Title of the article

Analysis of the staff composition of sworn attorneys in the Middle Volga Region (Case study of the Penza district court) in the late 19th – early 20th centuries

 Authors 

Evgeniya B. Kazakova — Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Sub-department of Private and Public Law, Penza State University, 40 Krasnaya street, Penza, 440026, Russia, 1-janni@list.ru
Alexander V. Pervushkin — Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Sub-department of Private and Public Law, Penza State University, 40 Krasnaya street, Penza, 440026, Russia, uf2vo@mail.ru

 Category 

THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL LEGAL SCIENCES

Year,.Volume, Number 

2022, Vol. 10, № 2 (38)

 Pages 

34-41

 Article type 

Original article

 Index UDK 

34

 DOI 

10.21685/2307-9525-2022-10-2-4

 Abstract 

Background. The judicial reform of 1864 brought profound changes to the existing judicial process. The emergence of adversarial proceedings has led to the introduction of a new category – sworn attorneys. That reform affected all regions of the country. The article describes the process of determining the staff composition of attorneys in the Penza Province, since this topic has been largely unexplored. Materials and methods. To reveal this topic, the regional archives, regulatory documents of the XIX century, statistical data and basic (encyclopedic) research are analyzed. The methodological potential is realized through the methods of comparative legal and historical-legal analysis, which enable comparing the content and significance of the presented data, taking into account specific historical circumstances. For the first time, the biographies of the sworn attorneys whose activities are of research interest within this topic are introduced into scholarly discourse. At the same time, a biographical method is used to trace the impact of all-Russian events in a particular region, for a specific social group. Results. The article shows the trend in developing the staff composition of sworn attorneys with the view to the historical reality. The biographies of the specific staff members are given. The ways of social mobility of sworn attorneys are demonstrated. Conclusions. The number of sworn attorneys in the Penza Province has steadily increased throughout the pre-revolutionary history. However, the steady growth in the number of lawyers could not be compared with the pace of Moscow and St. Petersburg. This was explained by the fact that the metropolitan regions had higher wages and greater earning opportunities, as well as prospects for professional growth.

 Keywords 

 Judicial reform of 1864, lawyer, Penza Province, Middle Volga Region

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References

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For citation

Kazakova E.B., Pervushkin A.V. Analysis of the staff composition of sworn attorneys in the Middle Volga Region (Case study of the Penza district court) in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal "Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosudarstvo" = Electronic scientific journal "Science. Society. State". 2022;10(2):35–41. (In Russ.). doi:10.21685/2307-9525-2022-10-2-4